cardiology 

long questions 

1. Epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment of rheumatic fever (repeated )

2. Classify cardiomyopathies. Pathophysiology, clinical features, lab diagnosis and management of HOCM

3. Aetiology, clinical features, management of dilated cardiomyopathy (repeated)

4. cardiomyopathy 

5. dilated cardiomyopathy 

6. Discuss mechanisms of tachyarrhythmias. Causes, classification, clinical features, diagnosis,

management, complications of AF

7. Management of ACS

8. Aetiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, complications, management of pericardial

effusion

9. Constrictive pericarditis – aetiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, management (repeated )

10. Pathophysiology, aetiology, clinical features, diagnosis, management of aortic stenosis

11. Structure and functions of normal mitral valve. Aetiology, clinical features, diagnosis and management of mitral incompetence

12. Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Mention the risk factors. Outline the selected clinical trials of statin therapy for prevention of coronary events

13. Atherosclerosis – aetiopathogenesis, primary and secondary prevention

14. Define cardiac failure. Describe management of cardiac failure (repeated)

15. Aetiology, clinical features, diagnosis, management of primary diastolic dysfunction of the heart

16. Classification, aetiology, clinical features, diagnosis, investigations, management of hypertension in an adult

17. Pathogenesis, classification, clinical features, management of infective endocarditis (2)

18. Management strategy for patients with UA and NSTEMI. Note on pathophysiology of cardiogenic shock (2)

19. Aetiology, classification, complications of congenital heart disease. Clinical features, diagnosis, management of patients with ASD

20. Cardiovascular manifestations of nutritional disorders

21. Pathophysiology, aetiology, clinical features, diagnosis, management of AS

22. Discuss clinical features of pulmonary embolism and management of massive pulmonary thromboembolism

23. Discuss etiology clinical feature and recent management of Pulmonary thromboembolism

24. Describe the physiology of deep venous thrombosis feature investigation and measures to prevent pulmonary thromboembolism from the same

25. Discuss classification pathophysiology clinical features investigations and treatment of Pulmonary hypertension

short questions 

1. Rheumatic fever (repeated )

2. Pericarditis

3. Morphology of ASD

4. ASD in an adult

5. Cardiomyopathy

6. Restrictive cardiomyopathy

7. Pansystolic murmur

8. Continuous murmur

9. Blood culture for infective endocarditis

10. Infective endocarditis

11. Prevention of infective endocarditis

12. Role of microbiologist in drug-resistant IE

13. Modified criteria for IE

14. Refractory cardiac failure

15. Resistant hypertension – causes

16. Pathophysiology of primary hypertension. Discuss steps in evaluation of perioperative hypertension

17. Hypertension in the young – causes

18. Malignant hypertension

19. Constrictive pericarditis

20. Cardiac tamponade

21. Pacemakers in AV conduction disease (2)

22. Pacemakers of the heart

23. Newer therapies for heart failure (3)

24. Levosimendan and usefulness in heart failure

25. Neurohormonal activation and compensatory mechanisms in heart failure

26. ndications and principles of cardiac resynchronisation therapy

27. Clinical presentations of phaeochromocytoma. Approach to diagnosis.

28. Phaeochromocytoma

29. Post-cardiac injury syndrome

30. AF

31. Causes of AF. Note on paroxysmal AF

32. Cor pulmonale

33. Management of UA, NSTEMI

34. VT

35. Management of IE due to enterococci and streptococci

36. Ventricular assist device

37. Re-entrant arrhythmias

38. Drug-eluting stents (2)

39. Stents

40. nterventional management of coronary artery disease

41. Enumerate the therapeutic procedures of recurrent arrhythmia. Note on catheter ablation

42. CT imaging in cardiology

43. Evaluation of myocardial infarct size

44. schaemic cardiomyopathy

45. Role of viruses in RHD

46. Treatment of accelerated hypertension

47. Haemodynamics in patent ductus arteriosus after birth

48. Frederickson’s classification of hyperlipoproteinaemias

49. Side effects of beta blockers

50. Cardioselective beta blockers

51. Statins

52. Rosuvastatin – indications, mechanism of action, benefits

53. Pleiotropic effects of statins and the latest controversies associated with its use

54. Fibrates – indications and side effects

55. Drug therapy of resistant hypertension

56. Current status of beta blockers in CCF

57. Hyperlipidaemia (3)

58. Causes of secondary hyperlipidaemia

59. Lipid lowering agents

60. Acute AR

61. Pre-excitation syndrome

62. Atrial myxoma

63. Aortic stenosis

64. Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation

65. Defibrillators

66. MVPS

67. Hypotension

68. Newer antiplatelet drugs

69. Ebstein anomaly

70. Interventional management of CAD

71. deep vein thrombosis 

72. pulmonary embolism 

73. 
    

74. Anatomy of heart valves.

75. Cardiac cycle.

76. Destination therapy in heart failure

77. Stents in medicine (Repeated)

78. Drug eluting stents

79. ECG diagrams of Malignant ventricular arrhythmias.

80. Ventricular tachycardia (Repeated)

81. Heart transplant.

82. Investigations and treatment of Infective Endocarditis. (Repeated)

83. Ischaemic heart disease. (Repeated)

84. Leading innovation in cardiac nuclear imaging

85. Management of refractory heart failure or Resistant heart failure (Repeated)

86. Newer drug therapy management of hypertension

87. Non pharmacologic management of hypertension.

88. Pacemaker therapy in cardiac practice

89. Pacemakers-Indications and contraindications.

90. Physiology of blood pressure regulation.

91. Physiology of conduction atrioventricular node

92. Postural hypotension.

93. Prizmetal angina

94. Recent advances in management of Aortic stenosis.

95. Recent management of Atrial fibrillation

96. Refractory hypertension (Repeated)

97. Takotsubo Disease.

98. RT Pro BNP

99. Echocardiography and its clinical application